GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) slows the rate at which food leaves your stomach (gastric emptying), reduces appetite by acting on hunger centers in the brain, and stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion
The weight loss achieved varies by medication: liraglutide typically produces 5-8% weight loss, semaglutide approximately 15%, and tirzepatide up to 21% of initial body weight
Brain Health and Cognitive Function While still an emerging area of research, GLP-1 medications may offer benefits for brain health
Studies also connect diabetic retinopathy with an increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes
Risk factors for dumping syndrome that were identified included fundoplication surgery within 1 year of age, presence of severe scoliosis, microgastria, and major cardiac abnormality (41)